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Listed below is a series of full-text articles describing the NLD Syndrome.  They are grouped by level of reading difficulty, so whether you're a parent new to the disorder, or a professional seeking more in-depth information, you'll be able to find exactly what you're looking for.

Don't forget to click on the navigation buttons on the left for additional information and even more reading material!

 

Level 1 Articles (Introductory)

The following articles, written in everyday language, are a good beginning for the parent of a newly-diagnosed child, a teacher unfamiliar with the disorder, or anyone seeking a basic overview of the NLD Syndrome.

  Nonverbal Learning Disorders: What to Look For

Author - Pamela B. Tanguay

 

Summary - This brief description of the characteristics common to NLD is a good starting place for those interested in recognizing this syndrome. It is important to note that a syndrome is a cluster of assets and deficits, and not all characteristics are necessary to be diagnosed with this disorder.  

 

Size - 15K, approx. 6 pages

 

  NLD and the School Age Child

Author - Margaret J. Kay, EdD

 

Summary - Teachers will find this exploration of NLD in the school aged child particularly helpful. It describes how the NLD profile is manifested in the classroom, and why transitions of any kind, including the transition to middle school, can be so difficult for the adolescent with NLD.

 

Size - 15K, approx. 6 pages

 

  Nonverbal Learning Disabilities:  A Distinct Group Within Our Population

Author - Tom Humphries, PhD, CPsych

 

Summary - An excellent summary of NLD strengths and weaknesses, together with a comparison of NLD students with attention deficit disorder and average achieving peers.  

 

Size - 12K, approx. 5 pages

    What are Nonverbal Learning Disabilities?

Author - Patti Brace

 

Summary - An easy-to-understand description of how the NLD Syndrome appears in young children, academic issues from early grades through the post-secondary years, and a discussion of the social and emotional issues that affect the NLD individual.

 

Size - 12K, approx. 5 pages

    What is Nonverbal Learning Disorder Syndrome?

Author - Emily S. Fudge

 

SummaryThis article describes the academic and social/adaptive characteristics of the NLD child, briefly explains the roles of left and right hemispheres (in reader-friendly terms), and provides some helpful interventions for home and school.

 

Size - 18K, approx. 8 pages

    Students with Nonverbal Learning Disabilities

Author - Jean M. Foss, MEd

 

Summary - A good description of the NLD learner, and practical advice for the classroom, makes this a particularly valuable introductory article for teachers.

 

Size - 12K, approx. 5 pages

  Non-Verbal Learning Disabilities:  An Emerging Profile

Author - Caryl Frankenberger, EdM

 

Summary - Describes in very practical terms the classroom impact of NLD's neuropsychological academic, and social-emotional characteristics.  This article also includes a number of helpful classroom strategies.

 

Size - 15K, approx. 6 pages

 

  The Misunderstood Child:  The Child With a Nonverbal Learning Disorder

Author - Liza Little, PsyD, RN

 

Summary - Written to increase awareness of NLD within the medical community, this article provides an accurate description of the disorder and its identification/intervention issues which are equally helpful to parents, educators, and other professionals.

 

Size - 44K, approx. 17 pages

 

 

Level 2 Articles (Comprehensive)

The following articles are a good choice for readers already familiar with the NLD Syndrome, and seeking more in-depth information on the disorder, or on particular aspects. 

    Nonverbal Learning Disorders

Author - Sue Thompson, MA, CET

 

Summary - This important article explores the developmental deficits in NLD - motoric, visual-spatial-organizational, and social.  The lengthy section on CAMS (compensations, accommodations, modifications, and strategies), makes this a must read for parents, teachers and other caregivers. 

 

Size - 69K, approx. 27 pages

    Nonverbal Learning Disorders Revisited in 1997

Author - Sue Thompson, MA, CET

 

Summary - An interesting follow-up to the earlier article, above, reflecting recent developments in research and understanding (as well as misunderstanding) of the NLD Syndrome.

 

Size - 22K, approx. 9 pages

 

  The Syndrome of Nonverbal Learning Disabilities:  Clinical Description and Applied Aspects

 

Author - Michael A. Roman, PhD

 

Summary -  Includes a review of NLD research, a clinical description and case study, and a comprehensive explanation of the complex cognitive and neuropsychological aspects of the NLD Syndrome.  An excellent article for those who want a complete understanding of the disorder.

 

Size - 120K, approx. 35 pages

  Understanding Nonverbal Learning Disability (NVLD)

Author - Wendy Heller, PhD

 

Summary - This article is particularly noteworthy for its thorough, yet non-technical, discussion of the implications of right hemisphere dysfunction, and inclusion of specific therapeutic strategies for NLD children.

 

Size - 32K, approx. 14 pages

 

  Stress, Anxiety, Panic and Phobias: Secondary to NLD

Author - Sue Thompson, MA, CET

 

Summary - A common thread that runs through available material on the topic of NLD is the anxiety component that generally accompanies the disorder.  In this article, the author explains how to spot when stress becomes a more serious problem, outlines what to look for, and suggests ways to control and manage anxiety and panic attacks.

 

Size - 33K, approx. 18 pages

 

 

Asperger’s Disorder and Nonverbal Learning Disabilities:  How Are These Two Disorders Related to Each Other?

 

Author - David Dinklage, PhD

 

Summary - The overlap between NLD and Asperger's Syndrome, in terms of both neuropsychological profile and observable behavior, has been widely debated. In this article, a neuropsychologist discusses how they are diagnosed, the impact of ranges of severity, and other complexities of their interrelationship. 

 

Size - 34K, approx. 11 pages

 

 

 

 

 

 

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